Cyclone Dust Collector

Product Overview

Cyclone dust collectors are mechanical dust removal devices that use the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of airflow to separate dust particles from the dust-laden airflow. The equipment consists of an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, a cylindrical body, a conical body, and a dust hopper. It has no filter media and no moving parts, resulting in a simple structure, low maintenance, and low investment.

Classification dust removal efficiency (typical operating conditions):

Particle size ≥20 μm: 95%–99%

Particle size 10–20 μm: 85%–95%

Particle size 5–10 μm: 50%–80%

Particle size <5 μm: <50% (Recommended for use with bag or cartridge dust collectors)

Segmentation particle size d₅₀: 5–15 μm (Depending on the model and inlet velocity; the removal rate for this particle size is approximately 50%) The equipment is widely used in the pretreatment of coarse dust, high-temperature flue gas purification and the pre-processing stage of multi-stage dust removal systems. It can effectively reduce the load on downstream fine dust removal equipment and extend the service life of filter media.

Working Principle and Process Flow

Dust-laden gas enters the cyclone separator tangentially at a speed of 12–25 m/s, forming a strong rotating outer vortex within the cylinder and cone. Dust particles are thrown against the cylinder wall by centrifugal force, and after collision, slide down the wall surface by gravity into the ash hopper. The purified gas forms an upward inner vortex at the center and is discharged through the exhaust pipe. A sealed ash discharge device (star-shaped discharge valve or double-layer flap valve) is installed at the bottom of the ash hopper for periodic or continuous ash discharge, preventing the settled dust from being re-entrained.

Process Flow:

Dust-laden gas inlet → Tangential entry into cyclone separator → External vortex centrifugal separation → Dust settling into ash hopper → Clean gas discharge from internal vortex → Ash discharge from ash hopper

Scope Of Application

Applicable Dust:

Metal shavings, ore particles, coarse sawdust, grain particles, limestone powder, cement raw materials, fly ash, grinding dust, and other non-fibrous, non-sticky, and non-hygroscopic dust.

Applicable Industries:

Metallurgy, mining, coal, chemical, building materials, power, grain processing, wood processing, foundry sand treatment.

Recommended Process Combinations:

Cyclone + bag filter, cyclone + cartridge filter, cyclone + electrostatic precipitator, cyclone + wet desulfurization.

Not Applicable Scenarios:

Standalone treatment of highly sticky, fibrous, and hygroscopic dust, as well as fine dust with a high proportion of particles <5 μm.

Selection Guide

Determine the initial diameter based on the air volume.

The recommended air volume for a single cylinder is no more than 35,000 m³/h. For extremely large air volumes, multiple cylinders connected in parallel or in an array arrangement are preferred to maintain high separation efficiency.

Material Selection Based on Dust Characteristics

Conventional Dust: Q235B carbon steel with rust-proof surface treatment

Corrosive Flue Gas: SS304 / SS316L stainless steel

High-Temperature Flue Gas (400–800℃): Heat-resistant steel + refractory brick/castable lining

Highly Abrasive Dust (quartz sand, mineral powder): Ceramic sheet lining, silicon carbide, or wear-resistant cast iron

Process Combination Based on Emission Requirements

Coarse dust removal/material recovery only: Single-stage cyclone is sufficient

Achieving emission standards (≤30 mg/m³): Cyclone + bag filter/cartridge filter (cyclone removes over 80% of coarse particles, reducing downstream load)

Ultrafine Dust (high proportion <5 μm): Bag filter or electrostatic precipitator is recommended; cyclone only for pre-treatment protection

Installation And Maintenance Points

Installation Site: A top maintenance space (≥500 mm) and ash hopper discharge channel must be reserved; lifting hooks are recommended on the top of the equipment; recommended plant height ≥6 m (XFC-2000 type).

Foundation Requirements: Concrete foundation flatness ≤3 mm/m; vibration damping pads are recommended for large equipment (≥Φ1600).

Insulation Requirements: When handling high-temperature, humid flue gas, the cylinder and ash hopper outer walls must be insulated to prevent condensation and ash adhesion.

Ash Discharge Sealing: The ash hopper must be equipped with a reliable airlock device (star-shaped discharge valve or double-layer flap valve). For every 1% increase in air leakage, dust removal efficiency may decrease by 2%–5%.

Regular Inspection: Quarterly inspections should be conducted on cylinder wall wear (especially below the air inlet and the cone transition section), ash discharge valve blade clearance, and lining thickness.

Applications

Applicable Industries

Shot blasting, metallurgy, cement, power generation, chemical processing, mining, woodworking, machinery manufacturing, glass production, grain deep processing, and other mainstream manufacturing industries worldwide.

Applicable Dust Types and Equipment

The system can process shot blasting scale, grinding dust, welding fume, boiler fly ash, cement raw meal, chemical powders, and food-grade particles. It is commonly supplied with shot blasting machines, grinding machines, crushers, sandblasting rooms, and polishing lines, and is a standard dust-control solution for heavy industry and automotive component factories.